All perfect praise be to Allah, The Lord of the Worlds. I testify that there is none worthy of worship except Allah, and that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger.
1. According to the Hanafi school of jurisprudence, the wife's death is a reason of her separation from her husband. So, it is not permissible for her husband to touch her or look at her after her death. Actually, they consider the wife's death as a separation similar to divorce since the husband can marry the wife's sister and can also marry four wives after her death. Note, however, that they do not call this separation divorce. But they forbid the husband from washing the corpse of his dead wife.
Nevertheless, the majority of the Muslim scholars do not agree with this opinion. They permit the husband to touch his dead wife's corpse and look at it. This is for the saying of the Prophet to his wife ‘Aa’ishah : “If you die before me, I will myself wash you, enshroud you, pray on you and then bury you.” [Ibn Maajah] It is also proved in a narration that ‘Ali, may Allaah be pleased him, washed the body of his wife Faatimah, may Allaah be pleased her, after her death. Many companions know about what ‘Ali, may Allaah be pleased him, did and they did not dislike it.
2- A- The first story is correct. Abu Hurayrah narrated that the Prophet said: “While a dog was going round a well about to die of thirst, a prostitute from the children of Israa’eel saw it and took off her shoe and filled it with water and gave it to the dog to drink. So Allah forgave her because of that deed.” [Al-Bukhari and Muslim]
B) The second story is unknown for us and we did not find it in the known Books of Sunnah.
3- To know the answer to your fourth question, please refer to Fataawa 81435 and 81210.
4- Cosmetic surgery is carried out for two purposes:
First, to eliminate a deformity whether it is caused by an accident or it is by birth but an unusual part such as an extra finger, or an extra tooth etc.
This kind of surgery is permissible because a Hadeeth states that the Prophet permitted a person whose nose was cut to replace it by a nose made of gold.
Second, to beautify oneself; i.e., surgery is not performed to remove a deformation rather to become more attractive. This kind of surgery is forbidden. The Prophet said: “Allah curses those ladies who practice tattooing and those who get themselves tattooed, and those ladies who remove the hair from their faces and those who make artificial spaces between their teeth in order to look more beautiful whereby they change Allah's creation.” [Al-Bukhari and Muslim]
Allah knows best.